What is a result of the International Geophysical Year 1957 58?
On 8 November 1957, the US Secretary of Defense instructed the US Army to use a modified Jupiter-C rocket to launch a satellite. The US achieved this goal only four months later with Explorer 1, on 1 February 1958, but after Sputnik 2 on 3 November 1957, making Explorer 1 the third artificial Earth satellite.
What was significant about the International Geophysical Year?
In retrospect, perhaps the most important achievement of the IGY was its verification in 1958 of scientists’ suggestion that there existed a continuous system of submarine mid-oceanic ridges that encircled the globe.
How many countries participated in the International Geophysical Year?
70 countries
More than 70 countries participated in the project which led to the discovery of the Van Allen radiation belts, the theory of plate tectonics, exploration of outer space, construction of earth satellites, and increased research in the Arctic and Antarctic polar regions.
What does the word geophysical mean?
: a branch of earth science dealing with the physical processes and phenomena occurring especially in the earth and in its vicinity.
Is Geophysics a physical science?
Geophysics (/ˌdʒiːoʊˈfɪzɪks/) is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis.
What was significant about the International Geophysical Year 1957 58 quizlet?
What was significant about the International Geophysical Year (1957-58)? Special research vessels and submersibles were built, and Scientists made discoveries that changed the way geologists thought about continents and ocean basins.
Who is the father of geophysics?
DeGolyer, Father of Applied Geophysics.
What is the difference between a geologist and a geophysicist?
Geologists focus on the materialistic surface of the Earth and its evolution. Geophysicists are mainly concerned about the Earth’s physical processes, including its internal composition and atmosphere.
How do you say geophysicist?
Break ‘geophysicist’ down into sounds: [JEE] + [OH] + [FIZ] + [I] + [SIST] – say it out loud and exaggerate the sounds until you can consistently produce them.
What did Nansen discover about the depth of the Arctic Ocean?
What did Nansen discover about the depth of the Arctic Ocean? It was a deep-ocean basin.
Which of the following are objectives of the global ocean observing system?
A fully implemented global ocean observing system will provide the critical ocean information needed to address climate change, generate forecasts, and protect ocean health.
What was the first scientific expedition to use an echo sounder?
German expedition
Echo sounders were first used for oceanographic studies during the epic German expedition exploring the South Atlantic in the mid-1920s aboard the Meteor. Today echo sounding remains the key method scientists use to make bathymetric maps of the seafloor.
Who was the first man to publish a reasonably accurate chart of an ocean current?
23 Cards in this Set
| The first scientific expedition to use an echo sounder was _______ . | The Meteor expedition |
|---|---|
| This man was the first to publish a reasonable accurate chart of an ocean current. | Benjamin Franklin |
When were echo sounder invented?
22 July 1913
German inventor Alexander Behm was granted German patent No. 282009 for the invention of echo sounding (device for measuring depths of the sea and distances and headings of ships or obstacles by means of reflected sound waves) on 22 July 1913.
Which expedition was the first devoted solely to marine science?
The Challenger expedition (1872-1876), is known and recognized as the first devoted entirely to marine science.
Which country sponsored the first scientific oceanographic expedition?
The story of its now-fabled world expedition began 150 years ago, in 1870, when an Edinburgh University professor and marine zoologist named Charles Wyville Thompson persuaded the Royal Society of London to support a lengthy and detailed voyage of exploration across the world’s oceans.
Who is considered the first marine scientist?
The sea and its biological diversity were explored by the Greek classics and especially by the infamous Aristotle (384-322 BC), who should be considered the first marine biologist.
What were the three primary reasons for early civilization to interact with the ocean?
Three primary reasons for early civilization to interact with the ocean:
- To obtain food.
- Trade with other cultures.
- To discover new lands.
What did the Chinese contribute to marine science?
Chinese Contributions While Europe was distracted, the Chinese developed the largest fleet ever recorded so far: *317 ships, 37,000 men This was done to show off the Ming Dynasty’s superiority. By this time, they had invented the compass, central rudder and sophisticated sails along with watertight compartments.
When was the first ocean exploration?
around 5000 B.C.
Ocean exploration begins around 5000 B.C. with the first ocean diving and the first sailing vessels. Many advances are made in the following years including the first diving bells and coastal maps.
Who established the first trade routes throughout the Mediterranean sea?
the Phoenicians
These societies mastered basic sailing techniques by the 3rd millennium BCE, and the Mediterranean Sea became the focus of international trade routes that exist to this day. In particular, the Phoenicians helped propel this along.
Who participated in the Mediterranean trade?
Specifically through Rome and Greece trading with China and India. It was unique and had a larger importance because it connected three continents; Africa, Asia, and Europe. Most of the Western population was centered around this trade route. It also allowed products of Asia to pass into Europe.
Which tribe crossed the Mediterranean sea?
The Phoenicians spread through the western Mediterranean reaching North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula. From the 6th century BC up to including the 5th century BC, many of the significant Mediterranean peoples were under Persian rule, making them dominate the Mediterranean during these years.
Who did most of the discoveries of the Mediterranean sea?
History
- Two of the most notable Mediterranean civilizations in classical antiquity were the Greek city states and the Phoenicians, both of which extensively colonized the coastlines of the Mediterranean. …
- Darius I of Persia, who conquered Ancient Egypt, built a canal linking the Mediterranean to the Red Sea.
What was the importance of the Mediterranean sea to the countries of the Old World Asia Africa and Europe?
The Mediterranean Sea linked three continents—Europe, Asia, and Africa. Surrounding that sea was a world of diverse peoples, languages, and religions. Even its northern shores, largely united by Christianity, exhibited a remarkable variety of tongues, customs, currencies, and political economies.
Which country initiated the era of Atlantic exploration?
Portugal initiated the era of Atlantic exploration in the 15th century, though we also have to give the Vikings some credit for their journeys in the…
Where are the Phoenicians today?
Phoenicia, ancient region along the eastern coast of the Mediterranean that corresponds to modern Lebanon, with adjoining parts of modern Syria and Israel.
Who are the descendants of the Phoenicians today?
Lebanese share over 90 percent of their genetic ancestry with 3,700-year-old inhabitants of Saida. The results are in, and Lebanese are definitely the descendants the ancient Canaanites – known to the Greeks as the Phoenicians.
Who are the Phoenicians in the Bible?
In Greece and Rome the Phoenicians were famed as “traders in purple,” referring to their monopoly on the precious purple dye derived from the shells of murex snails found along its coast. In the Bible they were famed as sea-faring merchants; their dyes used to color priestly vestments (Ex.